Alvos Terapêuticos para a Infecção pelo HIV-1 |
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Winnie S Liang* 2 , Anil Maddukuri* 1 , Tanya M Teslovich3 , Cynthia de la Fuente1 , Emmanuel Agbottah1 , Shabnam Dadgar1 , Kylene Kehn1 , Sampsa Hautaniemi4 , Anne Pumfery1 , Dietrich A Stephan2 and Fatah Kashanchi1, 5 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20037, USA 2Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA 3Institute for Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA 4Institute of Signal Processing, Tampere University of Technology, PO Box 553, 33101, Tampere, Finland 5The Institute for Genomic Research, TIGR, Rockville, MD 20850, USA Retrovirology 2005, 2:20 doi:10.1186/1742-4690-2-20
Abstract Background Despite the success of HAART, patients often stop treatment due to the inception of side effects. Furthermore, viral resistance often develops, making one or more of the drugs ineffective. Identification of novel targets for therapy that may not develop resistance is sorely needed. Therefore, to identify cellular proteins that may be up-regulated in HIV infection and play a role in infection, we analyzed the effects of Tat on cellular gene expression during various phases of the cell cycle. Results SOM and k-means clustering analyses revealed a dramatic alteration in transcriptional activity at the G1/S checkpoint. Tat regulates the expression of a variety of gene ontologies, including DNA-binding proteins, receptors, and membrane proteins. Using siRNA to knock down expression of several gene targets, we show that an Oct1/2 binding protein, an HIV Rev binding protein, cyclin A, and PPGB, a cathepsin that binds NA, are important for viral replication following induction from latency and de novo infection of PBMCs. Conclusion Based on exhaustive and stringent data analysis, we have compiled a list of gene products that may serve as potential therapeutic targets for the inhibition of HIV-1 replication. Several genes have been established as important for HIV-1 infection and replication, including Pou2AF1 (OBF-1), complement factor H related 3, CD4 receptor, ICAM-1, NA, and cyclin A1. There were also several genes whose role in relation to HIV-1 infection have not been established and may also be novel and efficacious therapeutic targets and thus necessitate further study. Importantly, targeting certain cellular protein kinases, receptors, membrane proteins, and/or cytokines/chemokines may result in adverse effects. If there is the presence of two or more proteins with similar functions, where only one protein is critical for HIV-1 transcription, and thus, targeted, we may decrease the chance of developing treatments with negative side effects.
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